Lymphoma Distribution Trends from Single Institute of Pakistan: Spectrum of 212 Cases

Abstract

Abstract:
Objective: Lymphoid neoplasms encompass an enormous group with diverse subtypes. The incidence is
contrastingly diminished in developing countries. Pakistan lacks a national cancer registry for exact
characterization of statistics. The objective of this study was to draw histopathological spectrum of lymphoma
subtypes diagnosed and characterized at Histopathology section of Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi.
Methods: Every lymphoma case diagnosed at Dow Diagnostic Reference and Research Lab and Dow University
of Health Sciences Karachi during study period (January 2014 – December 2015) was included without exception.
Pertinent clinicopathological information was entered in a proforma. Paraffin-embedded tissue blocked were
retrieved from histopathology archives and cross-examined. Data was analyzed using SPSS 16.0.
Results: Out of 212 lymphoma cases, 79% were of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) and 21% were of Hodgkin
Lymphoma (HL). Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) was the prevalent subtype. Nodular Sclerosis (NS)
dominated the HL class. Mean age at onset was significantly higher for NHL (p<0.01). Male to female ratio was
1.7:1. Cervical lymph nodes are most frequently involved site for primary nodal lymphomas, whereas GIT is
predominantly involved by extra-nodal group.
Conclusion: Lymphomas render a considerable measure of morbidity and mortality globally. Due to
pronounced heterogeneity in divergent subtypes, their prevalence also varies and hinders understanding of
etiologic factors. Epidemiologic studies are paramount for improving our understanding and subsequent delivery
of healthcare. We have described the spectrum of lymphoma as registered in one hospital in Pakistan. More
studies from developing countries on broader scale are imperative for streamlining future research goals.